Dover Heights is located on a single square kilometre area of cliff-top land located along the eastern coast of Sydney with a height of up to 89 metres above sea level. The suburb is located on the Hawkesbury Sandstone, which is a rock formation of the Triassic age that was deposited by the ancient rivers about 200 to 220 million years ago. The sandstone is grand to construct on because of the views, but poses certain challenges to all that lies under those houses.
Sandstone is brittle and hard and is likely to be divided by vertical jointing which are cracks that separate the rock into large blocks. These joints enable water to infiltrate, the softer strata to be washed away, and the ground to move in a manner that the soils formed of clay do not. In sewer and stormwater piping that is installed on steeper slopes over this ground, that movement is converted into joints that have been displaced, broken, and pipes that have lost original position. The sewer line that was installed at an exact fall fifty or sixty years ago might not be able to take the garbage at the rate at which it was made, as the ground beneath it has moved by millimetres.
Above the geology, Dover Heights has a direct view into the Pacific Ocean. Air that is contaminated with salt corrodes exposed metal fittings and increases the corrosion of galvanised and cast iron drain fittings. The trees and coastal figs and Norfolk Island pines and native banksias make up the suburb, pushing their aggressive root systems into the sandy, permeable soil that covers the sandstone, in search of moisture provided by the closest available source. The warm and nutrient-laden contents of sewer lines are overwhelmingly tempting.
All this is under houses worth in the millions of dollars, gardens with retaining walls and tiered levels, and outdoor entertainment spots, which would be ruined by excavation work. The issue of drains in Dover Heights is both geological, environmental and architectural simultaneously when the drains are blocked. We know that, and we do each job as such.
These reasons are not similar to flat suburban streets. The geology, gradient, salt, and aggressive root species all interact in a manner that is unique to this cliff-top suburb.
The canopy of mature trees in Dover Heights has some of the most aggressive root-spreading species in Australia. The Port Jackson figs and Moreton Bay figs produce lateral roots 20 to 30 metres below the trunk. With roots that spread deep into neighbouring residential areas, Norfolk Island pines are prevalent on the coastal reserves. These roots grow swiftly and deep and far in the loose, porous earth which covers the sandrock of Dover Heights, and which detects every weak point in a terracotta or earthenware sewer line.
Hawkesbury Sandstone tends to be vertical jointing which are natural cracks that separate the rock into big blocks. At a cliff-top location where the escarpment is gradually being eroded by sea action, the jointing permits minor ground motions over centuries. The sewer lines are laid on strict grades over steep blocks of Dover Heights which do not remain in the same position. Joints open. Parts slide out of step. And a pipe that was in perfect operation when it was installed in the 1960s now has a sag point where the waste collects rather than flows through.
The sewage systems are based on gravity. The distance between the house and boundary is gradual and regular in a flat suburb. At Dover Heights, where houses have been constructed on terrains that go down sharply on the street front towards the cliff, sewer lines are laid on steeper slopes, and are more prone to any movement in their orientation. A pipe that has lost so little of its original grade that a low spot has been formed where the waste gathers, and the rubbish collects and the blockage increases month after month till the drain is blocked.
Dover Heights is a family suburb, the average age is 10-19, that is, there are large household groups that cook. These homes have kitchen drains that receive cooking oil, food residues and detergent on a daily basis. Grease in a multi-story house where the kitchen may be two or three stories higher than the sewer line exit point has a distance of a long time to coat the pipes before it gets to the boundary. That coating decreases the bore each month until the drain is choked.
Dover Heights has no harbour buffer. Wind full of salt blows straight into all open drain fittings, grates and inspection holes. Galvanised steel grates rust. Plugging cleanout of cast iron. The threads on brass fittings corrode. Once an inspection point or cleanout has corroded closed, it becomes far more difficult to access the drain and provide maintenance or clearance, and in some cases it can be difficult to even reach the blockage because the fitting may have to be cut out and replaced.
A large number of Dover Heights houses have been renovated or extended, several times. In every renovation, new PVC drainage might have been linked with the already existing terracotta or earthenware pipes with the help of rubber adaptors. These connection points are necessarily weak as compared to a continuous run of a pipe. With time the rubber wears, the joint loosens and the roots or soil get into the system at exactly the point of the old and the new. It is one of the most prevalent failure points that we have discovered when we camera a Dover Heights sewer line.
In a house where water damage is up to high-specification finishes, it is not only about convenience, but also about saving your investment.
When the kitchen, shower and basin are slow simultaneously, the obstruction is in the main sewer line, rather than at a single source. The bigger the problem is rooted the more fixtures it affects.
Flush the toilet and the shower drain bubbles. Turn on the dishwasher and the sink in the kitchen sinks. Air that is behind a partial blockage will push through the closest water seal. It is a good early warning.
The waste that lies in a partially blocked pipe decomposes and forms hydrogen sulphide gas. When you can smell it outside at a grate, or inside the house at the drain, or out in the garden where the sewer line runs, something is blocked up down there.
In a tiered property at Dover Heights, the sewer line may be broken behind or under a retaining wall, which may seep water into the house. When a wet area is seen on a retaining wall, which does not dry up after a rain, it is worth inspecting, as it can be a sign of a blocked drain in the wall.
You turn on the toilet, and water sprays in the shower. The laundry floor waste has the washing machine drains and the water is seen in the floor. Mutually affecting fixtures have an obstructed drain line. This in itself becomes an overflow of sewage.
An underground sewer demolished or burst will serve as a slow-release fertiliser. A single place on a terraced garden level which is greener and lushier than the rest, especially in the probable sewer direction down the house to the limit, points to a damaged pipe beneath.
We put a camera down the pipe before clearing anything. The camera in Dover Heights, where sewer lines are laid on steep grades through sandstone formations and which might have been altered in the renovation process, lets us know just what we have dealt with, roots, grease, a displaced portion, a failed rubber adaptor or a collapsed pipe. We capture the video and send it to you. In the case of multi-level houses where the sewer passes through or behind retaining walls, we are able to pinpoint the location of the problem using the camera this way we do not have to guess.
High pressure water jet cuts through root masses, grease deposits and debris. Jetting is especially useful in steep-grade sewer lines in the town of Dover Heights since gravity helps the material being cleared to move out of the pipe. Jetting can be used to restore full flow on most blockages, root intrusion, grease, and general buildup, on the same visit. Then we do the second camera pass to ensure that the line is clear, and the state of the pipes after the cleaning process.
In cases where the camera reveals broken joints, root entry points or moved portions, relining can be a most appropriate long-term repair of Dover Heights structures. An inner liner, in the form of a resin, is placed and cured within it, forming a new seamless pipe within the existing one. There is no joints, there is no future root entry. There will be no excavation, no digging in landscaped gardens, tiered terraces, or driveways cut out of the cliff. Relining saves the above ground portions and is used to repair the under-ground portions in a suburb where the outdoor spaces are built and landscaped to a high standard and placed on top of costly retaining structures. Pipes that are relined come with 35-year or greater warranties.
When a pipe has completely broken down, or has displaced greatly down the sandstone, or has broken at several points on a short run, the broken part must be removed. In the steep blocks of Dover Heights, excavation must be planned, shored, accessed at the right level, the retaining walls must be safeguarded and the surface restored after the excavation. We do not propose excavation unless relining is not an option, however, when the pipe is truly irreparable the only way ahead is to replace it properly with modern PVC on a properly engineered grade.
Dover Heights is located on the Hawkesbury Sandstone, which is a rock surface deposited by the braided rivers over a period of 200-220 million years in the Triassic period. It is about 200 metres thick and made of layers of quartz sand, some of dramatic cross-bedding, and others so vast and uniform as to be massive. In between the sandstones are thinner mudstone units, which are softer rock and erode easily.
In places where there is softer mudstone under harder sandstone, undercutting takes place. The erosion of marine water gradually washes away the mudstone of the lower of the cliffs, and leaves the sandstone on the top of it without support. This process is observable in the dramatic cliff faces of Diamond bay and along the coastal reserves, but also results in minor movement of the ground further back from the cliff edge. The foundations and underground infrastructure of the properties located in the wider geological influence zone of the escarpment can change gradually in decades.
In the case of sewer and stormwater pipes, it is expressed in gradual dislocation at joints. A 1960s terracotta sewer line installed in a steep block in Dover Heights could have moved by millimetres at each joint in sixty years. That suffices to leave openings that will admit roots, permit the soil to infiltrate, and alter the effective gradient of the pipe. A recurring blockage in Dover Heights, which camera reveals, the joint out of place, is often the tale of the underlying geology.
The Dover Heights houses lack small backyards. They have outdoor rooms landscaped, levels of entertainment, selected mature plantings as done by the landscape architects, and hardscaped surfaces which blend with retaining walls designed into the cliff. One of these properties has a sewer line that may pass under a sandstone patio, under a garden terrace that is held by a structural wall and under a driveway that was poured to a precise finish. Digging through any of it to replace a section of a pipe is disruptive, costly and in some cases structurally hazardous.
Pipe relining was basically created in a scenario such as this. The damaged section is then inflated and cured in place, the liner is inserted through an existing access point, typically a cleanout or a boundary tap, and forced through the pipe to the damaged area. There is nothing on the ground that is disturbed. The garden remains unchanged. The retaining wall remains in place. The driveway remains in place. And the pipe below is now seamlessly, root-proof, corrosion-resistant, which is even stronger than the original terracotta that was replaced.
To the people of Dover Heights, relining is not only a convenience but in most cases it is the only viable solution that does not involve an engineering inspection, a landscape re-creation and a bill that is almost as big as the blockage itself. Most standard relining is done in a single visit, with a camera inspection first to ensure the pipe is a viable candidate followed by a quote and finishing the work.
Report the situation, sluggish drains, sewage bursting, odor, and flooding in the backyard. We will inquire about your property plan and plan to visit at a certain time.
A CCTV camera is sent down the line to locate the blockage, determine the condition of the pipes, and determine any structural movement. You watch the video with us.
We restore flow with jet blasting, mechanical clearing or a combination of both. You have a good price prior to work commencement. With a second camera pass we confirm.
In case of structural damage, we discuss alternatives, relining, or excavation, and the alternatives are well priced. When all that was required was to clear the drain, we provide useful advice on how to prevent the drain based on your property.
"Our drain in the back yard was filling up and Plumber Sydney arrived and quickly determined the problem and got it cleared away, and the area was clean and he advised us on how to prevent it happening again."
Testimonial: "Quick and efficient service offered. I made a call as an enquiry call-out, and was attended to within two days, services were reasonably priced, highly recommend to use it in your plumbing problems.
"Very fast Callout, excellent service, highly recommended, thank you again."
We clear blocked drains across Dover Heights and all surrounding Eastern Suburbs locations.
Don't let it get worse. A slow drain today is an overflow tomorrow, and in a home like yours, overflow means damage to surfaces that cost a fortune to replace. Call us and we'll sort it properly.